Multiculturalism in Music free essay sample

Visualize in your head a rock band, and a rapper. What kind of clothes are they wearing. What lyric styles are they singing In? And what color are they? Ongoing stereotypes suggest that the rock band Is a group of white musicians and the rapper would be black. However, examples from the past and present shows that these stereotypes are untrue. Music is defined as The art of organizing tones to produce a coherent sequence of sounds to elicit an aesthetic response in a listener (Morris, 864). This countrys youth is unlike any others, we have much control over what we o, and music is something that evolves around all of us. In this essay, I will discuss the evolution of youth music ranging from early rock, to todays hip hop stars, from a multiculturalism point of view. Multiculturalism Is a term Identifying the presence of several significant cultures (Stark, 434). We will write a custom essay sample on Multiculturalism in Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Without the presence of multiculturalism, music may not be as diversified and rounded as it is today. Through sharing ideas, techniques and skills, music has evolved into a vast amount of identifying styles.The birth of youth oriented music began with the birth of rock and roll. Many think that rock Is generally composed of a white population, and not many would believe that rock was actually started by blacks. This shows early signs of multiculturalism through music. Rock and roll music is actually a spawn of rhythm and blues, that was created in the asses. The name Rock and roll was identified by Alan Freed, a radio disc Jockey that introduced rhythm and blues to the mainstream public, and altered it for the rock and roll. What Freed certainly knew but few whites were unaware of at the time was that the term (rock and roll) was widely used in black USIA as a euphemism for sex (RRG, 20). Concepts of rhythm and clues such as complex rhythms and call-out response and blending work of both Joys and sorrows in the South were taken black American heritage (RRG, 23). These styles of music were set to Anglo-style songs and thus produced a new style of music. This new style of music set the stage for some of the most influential musicians of youth in this time. One of the most influential musician of this time was Chuck Berry.Berry was one of the first rhythm and blues performers to have an Interracial audience, ND a heavy Influence In the future careers of the Rolling Stones, Battles, and Beach Boys. This new and exiting form of musical expression was taken In by the youth. It gave them a feeling of freedom and joy that had been lacking from previous music styles. Although rock became an instant hit with the youth, the music caused displeasure in the adult world. Rock was criticized for Juvenile delinquency to loosened sexual standards (RRG, 27). The most notorious example of what adults didnt Like In rock music can be found In Elvis Presley. Elvis was the first white performer to expose an audience to rock music. However, the free-will style Elvis exhibited was not a real big hit with the adults, where he was condemned as a whirling dervish of sex. Rock music then went on a tear, evolving into many different styles and forms. As rock matured and diversified, many new artists and distinct styles emerged. Such examples are blues, featured by 8. 8. King and Ruth Brown. Harmonious styles such as The Orioles, the energetic swing sounds of Little Richard, the role-model rock star Pat Boone, and the folk rock of the Overly Brothers. Such as war, politics, current events, and lifestyles. Another aspect that evolved rock music was technology. As more and more technology was developed, more integrated sounds were brought into rock, eventually resulting into such music as pop and disco. Music was now able to have artificial Beats that traditional instruments could not produce. This new form of music paved the road to a whole new dimension of music, one that is widely known today as hip-hop. Hip-hop music is a style that consists of sampling, attitude, dance, style, and sound effects. It is a Afro-diasporas cultural form which attempts to negotiate the experiences of organization (Rose, 72). Lyrics in hip-hop often refer to the experiences of urban life and other experience topics. Divisions of hip-hop usually but no not always include, the aspect of Digging, groups, rapping, break dancing, and the always present competitiveness. Hip-hop also is associated with living a certain lifestyle. This style is to live for danger and excitement, a particular style (clothes, cars, etc. ), and the feeling that you cannot let anyone stand in your was with what you want to be in life.Early hip-hop included music from Grandmaster Flash and the Sugar Hill Gang. This style of music brought much over from rhythm and blues and funk. These two groups correlated the live Jazz band feel with the new Durban beat technology. The next big wave of hip-hop occurred a few years later, against rap. This style was highlighted by a group called NNW. Gangs rap usually contained harsh lyrics about life as it would be living the gang life, and the struggles that must be overcome. In many cases, the harsh lyrics would be directed to another hip-hop group or rapper, usually of a different record label, or someone from a rival city or gang.This ongoing dud still exists, but has somewhat slowed down since the eventful murders of Tuba Shaker and The Notorious 8. 1. G. Currently rap is still about gangs. However, these Gangs are now the different record labels of rap, such as, Bad Boy, Ruff Ryder, No Limits, Rockefeller, and Death Row. The future of hip-hop is cloudy, and one can only speculate in the direction it is heading. Today, multiculturalism is represented in many forms of music. Many pop radio stations would likely play Jay-Z (rap), followed by Rickety Martin (Latin), and Backstreet Boys (five member group consisting of 4 efferent nationalities). An exchange of musical cultures is among us and it is beginning to show in recent music. The most significant example of this would be the newest and most popular music currently on the market, alt-rock. Alt-rock is a combination of both alternative rock and hip-hop, two styles of music that are pretty distinctive in their own ways. The hot-selling Limp Bikini, Kid Rock, Insane Clown Posse, and Rage Against the Machine are examples of these type of groups. This style of music features constant tempo changes, and rapping over guitar licks, which was seldom ever done before.For example, Limp Bikini is made up of the following member; a white rapping vocalist, a Jazzed-schooled drummer, a funk savvy bassist, a guitarist with roots in punk and metal, and a DC that spins beats while the guitar and drums play on. Another sign of multiculturalism though music, is the emergence of hip-hop and rap, without the typical hip-hop and rap stereotype. Kid Rock, Mine, Overcast, Fred Durst, and the pioneers, the Beastie Boys have brought new color to rap and hip-hop, white. All five artists are enjoying success at the moments and are being praised for it.It seems as if many of the racial barriers of music are These artists are respected through the hip-hop community and are all currently working with black hip-hop and rap artists on collaborations. This would include Dry. Deer and Mine, Fred Durst and Method Man, Kid Rock and Ill Kim, and Overcast and Santa, which is more rock and hip-hop, but color lines are still crossed. In conclusion, if multiculturalism is the collaboration of different ethnic groups ideas and cultures, then music could be Justified as a prime example. There once stood bold lines between the white rocker and the black rapper. These days, the line is virtually gone, and people are getting along better. This is shown in concerts such as the Family Values Tour, which despite the innocent name, features metal bands and rap artists. Through these concerts, you get many different ethnic groups getting together and having a great time together at a concert, and there has never been and race-related innocents at these concerts in the last few years. Music can have a strong influence on people, and if we are able to bring down color barriers that once stood tall though something that everyone loves, music, I say we should stick to that plan.

Anthem of doomed Youth and Dulce Et Decorum Est Essays

Anthem of doomed Youth and Dulce Et Decorum Est Essays Anthem of doomed Youth and Dulce Et Decorum Est Paper Anthem of doomed Youth and Dulce Et Decorum Est Paper Essay Topic: Anthem Burial Rites Poetry Anthem of doomed Youth is one of Owens most famous poems and one over, which he took great pains. The poem is written in sonnet form. The poem is a long comparison between the elaborate ceremonial of a Victorian-style funeral and the way in which men go to death in the Western Front. The poem was written while Owen was in Craiglockhart war Hospital. He was expressing his views and personal experiences from the front and back home. The poem compares home life to the front line; but it is shown in how the soldiers are treated after they fight and die for their country and that they have no meaning. Dulce Et Decorum Est is poem that describes four corresponding sections. The first deals with the extreme condition of the exhausted soldiers. The second stanza deals with a gas attack and the cruel death of a soldier. This also happens in Exposure where the soldiers are attacked by shells and are confused to whether they are dead or alive. The third stanza is the poets reaction, and nightmare. The fourth stanza addresses the poetess. He expresses his views to the other poets who lie about the greatness of fighting. So we can see, already only in my introduction, that the poems are in different context and at different scenes and have a different way of showing the same message which is said in both poems. The message is hidden in all of Owens poems. He is an Anti- war poet and tries to express his feelings of wear from personal experiences through his poems. The poems have hidden messages inside them, and show Owens true meaning to war and the soldiers. Both poems are from real-life experiences; Owen has seen the war at the Western Front for himself and has been through the same experiences as the other millions of men. Owen has just put into his words the views of millions of other young soldiers. It is full of imagery and all use of the senses, this is just like his other poem Exposure, where the poem is full of visual sensory. Wilfred Edward Salter Owen was born on March 18th 1893. He was on the Continent teaching until he visited a hospital for the wounded and then declared, in September 1915, to return to England and enlist. He was seduced by the propaganda used to persuade boys to join the army. On 4th June 1916, after nine months of training, Owen became a second lieutenant. Though he had outwardly become an officer, determined that if I get to be solider, I must be a good one, anything else is unthinkable. He was now an inwardly poet. But on May 1st, Owen commanding officer noticed that he was shaking and confused in speech he was suffering from Neurasthermia or shell shock. He was sent to Craiglockhart war Hospital. His time there was from June until October 1917 was to be of great importance to his development as a poet. Before World War One Owen was a young boy wanting to help his country, just like millions of others, after the trauma at the western front he realised that the boys enlisting were going to the Hell of Earth. Owen wrote, All a poet can do is warn. That is why true poets must be truthful Watch in those dreams still. In those dreams the horror is re-born, the reality of battle re-shaped to the dimensions of poems; poems which we, his readers, our vision of reality of the Western Front Hell of Earth. Owens attitude in both poems are anti-war. In poem one, Anthem of Doomed Youth, we can tell by the title that the poem is anti-war. Anthem heralds the poems solemnity, Anthem is a song of praise; this is emphasis of the sadness and remorseful for the Doomed Youth. The Doomed Youth address the millions of dead and yet to die soldiers. This title yokes together contradictory terms; your youth is the time of hope, promise and years ahead and a time of looking towards the future. If the youth is Doomed, there can be no hope or future, just death. The youth will have no hope or future this means only death will come to the youth. In poem two, Dulce et Decorum est which means It is sweet and meet, it is the opposite devise he has used to poem one. Here he has used a slight twist; by reading the title Owen has made us readers to believe his poem is pro-war, and his says all the great things about dieing for ones country. We think Owen is will be praising the soldiers and describe them and strong and brave on the front line. Both poems have the same attitudes towards war, one of them the lack of respect to the soldiers and their death. In poem one Owen shows his attitude clearly and straight away just on the first line. What passing bells for those who die as cattle? Owen here has used a rhetorical question to make the readers think and wonder. He has answered the question on the next line. The readers know straight away what the answer will be but Owen uses his poetic devises to answer this question in seven lines. He asks the audience what respect and funeral will be given to the soldiers who died a painful death? Die as cattle Owen uses animal references to the soldiers. Owen compares the soldiers treatment with the treatment cattle receive when slaughtered. This simile has many implications. Cattle are slaughtered in large numbers as food for human consumption, and no one expresses any grief at their death. The soldiers are given no individual identity; they die brutally and with no ceremony to honour or recognize their humanity. Animals are below humans and are treated in a process of living for one purpose: to die for human survival. This is like the soldiers to live for one purpose: die to save humans and their country. Die and cattle are both stressed words, which Owen stresses and makes the reader, catch these two important words. They emphasise the meaning that the cattle are slaughtered just like the soldiers are, with no respect or dignity. In poem two Owen shows a lack of respect to the soldiers. The poem is in four stanzas; the first deals with the extreme condition of the exhausted soldiers and is couched in somewhat hyperbolic terms all went lame; all blind indicating the fervour of Owens feelings rather than the misery of the men. The first line in Dulce Et Decorum Est also shows the lack of respect to soldiers, just like in Anthem of Doomed Youth. Like old beggars under sacks, this is a misplaced image and emphasize about the soldiers image on the front. Old beggars are not noticed or given respect to by other people. They are coming towards the end of their life without achieve anything, just taking others money because they cannot be bothered to find a job. People judge the old beggars by their appearance. Some soldiers sign up for attention and it looks glamorous, they end up dieing without knowing why. Owen has used the letter b as alliteration, so he has used this technique to make the b a strong word so you pronounce and understand his meaning. Old is giving the readers the impression that the soldiers are aging before their time. They are growing old without knowing and suffering the old age symptoms. These soldiers sighed up young and are fighting like old beggars. Coughing like hags, hags are known as old tarts with cigarette in their mouth and coughing. Mainly mainly upper class women do not respect tarts. Jessie Pope was a middle age upper class woman who urged young boys to sign up for the war. This is metaphor to express that the soldiers have been cheated and lied to, Jessie Pope does not like the soldiers just wanting them to sign up and be brave. Hags are not respect by the public and are not attractive people; this also applies to the old beggars. When we say hag it gives the impression of an old man; sick and dirty. Owen in just the first two lines shows the image of unglamorous and pathetic image of the soldiers at war. The images conjured up in this stanza create a devastating contrast with the classically rooted idea of the glory of dying for ones country. In poem one the soldiers are given no individual identity, they die brutally and with no ceremony to honour their or recognize their humanity. No prayers, nor bells this also shows a lack of respect to the soldiers. The soldiers who died fighting for their country do not unity with God when they have given their lives for other people. All the soldiers do is fight and die; in a circular process like the cattle when being turned into meat. Owen shows a religious side, that the soldiers are unable to be forgiven from their sins or given a prayer when dead. This is disrespectful to the soldiers. Owen states that they will not receive mockeries or false expressions. This shows all his anger to the disrespect to the brave, foolish soldiers who died for nothing. The boys will die a silent death with no tears for them, no false feelings or no prayers. The express this in poetic terms he uses negative words like no and nor. His feelings here are expressed in many ways; using various forms of devises like, metaphors, parables euphuism etc. In poem two it describes how they flung a soldier in a wagon. Flung is a word, which shows no emotion or feeling to a precious body; it gives no dignity to the soldiers who died for ones country. We feel as if the body is being handled without any care and treated like nothing. They body is being treated like nothing, not even an animal, animals have little respect, these bodies are not respected. Blood come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, Obscene as cancer, bitter as cud of vile, this phrase is an unpleasant and vile description of a dead soldier after being gassed. Cancer has no cure, and you only have a small chance of living, finding out that you have cancer is terrible and people response to it is sad and shocked. They feel sorry for you and want to help you, cancer is also a disgusting sinful thing which is pure bad no goodness. Is cud a suitable image of bitterness? Cud is not bitter, but even when Owen misuses words, he does it with an intensity that is arresting his misjudgements and balanced by fervour. Blood and cud rhyme words, they both are powerful words which emphasize their meaning. The description is overall drastic, horrific and disrespectful to the soldiers. So we can see that both poems are showing lack of respect to the soldiers and they both do this in describing their meaning in different ways. Poem one shows it through a funeral and the ways the bodies are treated, while poem two describes the appearance of the soldiers and also just like poem one adds explanation of what happens to the body afterward and their vile appearance gives us his attitude. Owens attitude towards war is shown in both poems; no reason to death in war, their sacrifice for nothing in return. The soldiers give their lives and they have noting in return, no memories, noting. In poem one the first octet is a dark picture and has no reference to the safe light; it is full of sadness and cruelty. This is a contrast with the light on the sestet. In the sestet Owen uses light as candles, and holy glimmer, this is all interpreted in a religious form, to the church. The darkness is reference to Earth on the battlefields where war is taking place. The guns are monstrous which shows Owens anger to war and weapons. Monstrous make the guns sound human-like which is personification, Owens has used this to give the effect that the weapons are just like humans; bad, evil and ruthless, they dont know when to stop and only cause bad things. In poem one Owen uses a lot noise sounds, onomatopoeias, and make them cacophony. The noise in this poem represents hellish sounds and war like, but the light represents the peace and harmony of war, candles, which also is known as heaven. Owens impatience with formal religion, which is certainly one of its themes, but the whole poem also stands as a lament for the soldiers lonely deaths, and for the fact that they are denied proper burial. We can see a process which the soldiers go through, from earth on the battlefields in war, they fight and some last only minutes other hours, then in the sestet we see light and candles which represent heaven and safety; no more war. The Doomed Youth have no life, just fight and die. They have no remembrance or goodbyes or prayers. Their life is shown as a waste. Owen hasnt put any reason why the soldiers are dying or why they arent given any dignity. So in poem one Owen shows that the soldiers are dieing for nothing by the way he explains that they have no remembrance for them and they are not missed by anybody. In poem two Owen has two main messages. The first is the suffering of the men at the front line; the second is to the other poets who lie about being great. In stanza two Owen translates his personal experience of a gas attack into seven lines. An ecstasy of fumbling, is a phrase, which evokes both the sharpness of fear and the clumsiness of exhaustion. This phrase is an oxymoronic; it is a figure of speech, which brings together two contradictory terms. The boys are fighting for their life or death. If they are not quick enough, its death. gas! GAS! this I feel is a cacophony on the front line in war. To all the soldiers this is the sound of their life running before their eyes if they have no gas helmet. Clumsy, Shaken the boys are petrified and scared, they have no time to think. It emphasizes the fact that the soldiers are ill equipped, this is also shown in stanza one, many had lost their boots. Owen then goes on to describe how one soldier hadnt found his helmet on time; someone was still yelling. Owen does not give the soldier any identity, they are just boys that nobody knows and will never be remembered. He uses an image of drowning through the pane of sea green glass in his mask. This description is from Owens view of his mask. He then describes the death of a soldier in a gas attack. I saw him drowning. His use of I makes us engulfed it feels personal and realistic. His use of the metaphoric language, drowning is effective. He is literally drowning as his lungs fill up with poisonous gas, and Owen sees him drowning like under the sea. This use of metaphoric language is used in most of Owens poems, to expresses his feelings and his sights at the front line. In all my dreams Owen has used this delirious effect of dreaming in Exposure when they are confused to whether they are dying or sleeping. So we drowse the soldiers here are sleepy due to the cold weather. The weather in Exposure is used a metaphor and is described as a person. Before my helpless slight, Owen here describes his experience with death in war. Helpless is a metaphor, which has two meanings. Owen is literally helpless to help the soldier and rescue him; he is also helpless to see the soldier die in front of him. Guttering, chocking, drowning, guttering conveys sounds of the fast flickers of life in the moments before a painful death. These are the stages of dying. Owen feels usele ss and guilty of murder like the other million of men who are dying for a reason they barely know about. The soldiers believe that they are brave. This is shown in stanza four when Owen describes the innocent tongues, so these boys dont know the truth are given the old lie, which persuades them to sign up. He makes the word innocent strong because it is linked with the in sound in incurable so they are both words, which you emphasize without knowing. So in poem one Owen expresses his views of sacrifice for nothing by showing that the soldier has no dignity in dying because they arent given a proper funeral. He uses a lot of alliteration and onomatopoeia to describe the gunfire. They all end in rhyming couplets. In poem two Owen express his view of sacrifice for nothing by explaining the soldiers are innocent and that they are clueless to what they are doing, this is shown by the gas attack. He uses metaphoric language and uses one word to describe a paragraph of meaning to those words. He also does this in Exposure when writing snow-dozed in poem two he writes blood-shod. These are the same poetic devises Owen has used, in Exposure he has written about how the weather affects the soldier to fight, they are freezing and some dying in the snow; they sadly dont know if they are alive or dead. In poem two Owen uses blood-shod to express the amount of blood lost and losing. They are both metaphors. Owen also uses puns in poem two more often than in poem one. In the first stanza he uses half rhyme, like in Exposure half rhyme is used throughout the poem. Sludge is one a new line by itself and trudge is at the end of the fifth sentence. Owen also shows a great deal of anger in both poems. In Anthem of Doomed Youth he shows this in the title. Doomed has no future or hope in it, is it a strong and powerful word that Owen has used in his title. He shows is anger that the youth, which he was, have no future. Owen was a teacher working abroad and successful, he then joined the army like the millions of others and realised that he was one of the Doomed Youth so he is trying to save them from signing and entering hell. The onomatopoeic stuttering, together with the alliterative rifles rapid rattle picks up the anger of the guns and their noise in turn is taken up by meaningless repetition, or patter which are all the prayers, which are offered for the dead soldiers. The monstrous anger he has used harsh words to describe the sound in the battlefields, he has made the sound as well as busy but angry and continuous throughout the poem. The guns are angry because of the killing they are doing and the people using the guns are clueless. Sad shires is a personification used to show the sadness the towns where the soldiers come from. The shires represent the traditions of home, however, are left saddened by the soldiers death and this offers a note of hope. He has used alliteration to capture the sorrow of this poem. At the end of this poem you are lest with a slight faith of hope that the soldiers have people who shed tears. Owen then shows the sadness in the sestet; it begins with a question, which dismisses the candles, which are burnt by Christians traditionally to ensure that the soul had a safe journey to eternal life. It is not the candles, an irrelevant symbol, which the choirboys hold, which will be of any significant, but the tears in their eyes, which express real feelings. Similarly, it is the paleness of the girls faces, which express their real emotions, which will form their pall or cover for the coffin. This stanza shows real emotions and tears, which fall for the loved solders, in stanza one we hear no emotions and feeling, not even a tear to the eye. We feel hope for the lost soldiers and that the mourning of the girls suggests that not all soldiers die as cattle. This start is also in the first octet; the use of a rhetorical question. In poem two there is no hope in a stanza, it is just full of horrific images of the front line. Dusk is when day is coming to an end, and light is fading; this is a metaphor for the lives of soldiers. This is also shown in Exposure, dawn is when light shines over all the dead bodies, light shows the death and has a dark side to it. Because the losses the days the go slowly, slow duck perhaps while they wait for news, but finally life is ended with the drawing-down of blinds, this shows the end of life and the curt ain shall never be raised again. In the octet the last line ended in hope, this sestet has ended in sadness. In poem two Owens attitude towards war is that the poor soldiers were innocent and so they didnt know why they were fighting or dying. All lame, all blind Owen uses all to sound personal and meaningful. All is all the soldiers were affected not just some. Blind is a metaphor; they are all blind to see what has happened to them and why they are fighting, they are oblivious to these reasons. They are also literally blind to see the fighting and some soldiers were blinded. Owen creates innocence for the soldiers; readers become sorry and feel guilt and horror. Blind; is also in with a rhyming scheme with behind. Someone still was yelling out and stumbling this somebody is identified and is known as nobody. He is portrayed as young and full of innocence, the poor soldier is yelling and panicking for his life, he probably didnt know he was going to die like this. He was sure he was going to die brave and fighting the enemy hand to hand, not in a small gas attack. Owens message is clear; young ones are vulnerable and easily die in war, they are clumsy and their tiredness catches up with them. They are not alert and therefore pay the price of death. There are harsh and dreamlike/nightmarish passages in this poem. The innocence lies in what he did to deserve this punishment: nothing. Helpless sight this means to be useless and unable to help what you see and what you cant do. This causes guilt to Owen that he is part of his death; the audiences feel innocence that Owen had to watch this horrific death. In stanza four of poem two Owen concludes in his poem you too, you is engaging the readers as the other poets who lied to these innocent soldiers persuading them to sign up to fight in the war. This is also reminding the readers of the common phrase used in wartime: Your country needs YOU I feel as if this small word you makes a whole difference to the poem. He is criticises the poets who lied and said war was a great thing, but they never fought to see what was war really like. He also pronounces the ou sound he does this in the same line to make the words sound important. My friend is a sarcastic word addressing Jessie Pope, a famous poetess who persuaded boys to sign up; Owen was one of the boys who signed up. These poets had no experience of life on the front line so this is partly why Owen is full of anger towards these lying poets. Such high zest neatly sums up the tone of Jessie Popes exhortative verses. Children this emphasises the point the people signing up lied about their ages and pretend to be old enough to sign up but were really only children. She sent children to their grave. These children were desperate for a taste of glory, they thought they were going to come back alive and their parents would be proud, instead they died in horrific deaths and sad endings. This stanza is her to consider the scene and then The Old Lie: Dulce et decorum est/Pro patria mori. Owen is enlightening through contrast. A devils sick of sin- why would a devil vomit, that is, reject what he stands for and this really a telling image of the dying mans face? This line really emphasizes the fact that the dead face was a not forgetting sight. That even the devil, possessed by evil and sin, rejects this innocent young man. Owen is at a poem dedicated by truth and not by beauty and one that is part of his movements away from vagueness to greater realism. Its tone, however, is not of compassion but indignation and bitterness which is at its best both lofty and cutting. In Anthem of Doomed Youth this works through a series of contrasts, and here the contrasts are framed as questions followed by answers. What burial ceremonies are appropriate for those who die in the war? The answer is in the octet is that the sounds of battle are the appropriate forms of mourning; they function as a wordless lament. Its strength lies in those images which aptly and justly chosen to suggest the horror of war, the inadequacy of religion and the validity of love and grief. It has a greater compassion and respect for human relationships than Owens more acrid poem Greater love and marks his rapid growth as a poet in the second of 1917, inspired by his war experiences. The poem is full of sensory images, half rhymes, rhyming couplets, onomatopoeic phrases and metaphoric language. In poem two it is full of meaning and bitter and sarcastic tone. Owen was greatly concerned about the patriotism of people who knew nothing of the horrors of fighting and Dulce Et Decorum Est is an attempt to outface authors with such views. Here we have a maturer Owen, as it is a poem dictated by the truth not by beauty and one that is part of his movement away from vagueness to greater realism. In poem two Owen chooses words that deepen the poems meaning and make it more vivid: haunting flares which transforms the whole setting of the poem into a nightmare, outstripped Five-Nines literally the bombs are tired, but it is the fatigue of the men that makes them so seen so. The main attitudes in the poems are the same, they both are anti-war and dont like innocent men dying for no reasons and poets lying to these children. They both belie that the soldiers are not treated right and have no dignity. They are strong in their attitudes and the men having no future and both mention death and that is what is most likely going to happen to you. The poetic techniques used are different in the two poems. In poem one alliteration, rhyming couplets, onomatopoeia, sensory images and some personification are the main poetic uses used in this poem. In poem two it is quite different. The main techniques used are half rhymes, oxymorons, metaphoric language, puns and ironic language are the main uses. In poem one we see this poem is more formal and mature style. But the effect is hard to see, in poem two the effect of the images is powerful because it is written there are the description is more horrific, but in poem one we read less about the description, just more about the dignity and no respect. Owen writes that the soldiers are not worthy of a funeral. But in poem two we read the death of a solider and we feel sick and sad of this. His intended reaction for poem one was to show the people who arent fighting in war or who are thinking to, is that not everybody gets noticed and they are not treated with respect. He wanted to save the young people and warn people and try to influence them not to go to war unless you are trained. In poem two his audience is mainly the other poets and warns them not to lie because of the tragedies happening on the front. He uses more descriptive language so Jessie Pope can understand more clearly what life is like. Both poems have impact, but in different ways, they both are the same, but give their message in a different way. War today is very different. We are today experiencing war, but it is nothing like war back in 1917. The war in Iraq is not about land. The soldiers are not dying in masses, and never coming back. Only a small amount of soldiers have died. I have not had personal experience of war. I have seen small effects like the Twin Towers on September 11th. But Owen experienced something that millions of others did, and in poems he describes a lifetime in a short poem. He has written famous poems, which cannot be beaten by or compared their power because Owen was one of the few who expressed his views without care of what might happen. That is why he is admired and one of the many soldiers who are not forgotten. But he is remembered for his poems not his help in the war.

Attrition Rates in Call Centres and Managing Attrition Rate by Best Essay

Attrition Rates in Call Centres and Managing Attrition Rate by Best HRM Practices - Essay Example ers resign or retire and are not replaced (Dictionary.com, 2010) Attrition rate is higher at the junior level, and the retention rate after probation period of 6 months varies from 80 - 85 per cent. Factors causing attrition could be categorized as the factors inherent to the industry, social factors, factors relating to phase of the industry and other general factors related to all industries. A research through questionnaire survey has been conducted to supplement literature review for establishing the causes for high level of attrition in Call Centers and discuss the role of HRM in managing attrition with reference to the findings. BPO is a fast growing industry in the emerging economy like India and the contribution of BPO to its economic development is significant. Budhdwar et al. (2009, p.353) quotes, â€Å"†¦ it is estimated that India controls 44 per cent of world outsourcing business (NASSCOM, 2005a)†. According to Business Maps of India.com (2010) â€Å"The growth in the contribution of BPOs to Gross Domestic Product has shown a steady rise from 1.2% to 5.4%†.   It further states â€Å"Service Sector of Indian Economy  contributes to around 55 percent of Indias GDP during 2006-07 ...   the service sector witnessed a rise of 11 percent in the year 2006-07 against the 9.8 percent growth in 2005-06†. Chatterjee writes, â€Å"The annu al contract value added up to $ 290 million in September quarter 2010 as against $129 million in the corresponding period previous year, according to global research firm Everest.† The service industries in general are on faster growth track in the developed countries. Kollewe (2010) writes â€Å"The dominant service sector expanded at its fastest pace in more than three years in February, data released this morning showed.  Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ A sub-index measuring new business in services increased to 57.5 from 53.4, the highest since September 2007. Encouragingly, job prospects improved in the service sector, with the employment reading

Marketing Communication and Branding Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing Communication and Branding - Assignment Example This essay demonstrates that advertisement poster is one of the most effective elements of integrated marketing communication. Keeping the objectives of the marketing communication for Travel worth in mind, certain posters can be prepared to use in the campaign planned by the company. The posters for the company would include an attractive message to catch the eyes of the viewer, which would help the company to get customers. The main objective of Travel worth is to obtain travelers for their adventure tours and in order to achieve it; the posters should contain certain facts about the adventure world and certain images related to fun in the tours. The tagline for the posters can be ‘Payless, Have more, Do more’, which would represent that the cost of the tour would be less, fun and adventure would be more. There should be certain schemes on the poster to attract the customers such as, ‘Be the first one to avail the discounts on the Tour, and be the last one to ava il the discounts on the Fun’. These lines would also attract the adventure lovers to avail the schemes offered by Travel worth. The poster should preferably be bright in colors such as yellow or red, which would easily catch the eyes of the customers. The poster should contain certain images of the previous tours arranged by the company and the experiences that the travelers had. All these factors would make the poster meaningful as well as effective for the company to attract the customers and grab their interests for the products offered by the particular company.... In relation to the mentioned objectives in question number one, it can be stated that the model would help to identify the situation, the crisis in the market, and it would also help to plan a campaign to attract new or existing customers. The model would help to take different strategies. To spread awareness about company and its existing Tour programs, the campaign will be effectively used as a strategic objective. In order to create a different image of the organization and to attract the consumers, a tactical approach will be taken by providing various schemes and discounts. In relation to existing situation of economic downturn the company can take a decision to propose certain discounts or sale to their customer, which would help them to acquire new travel lovers. In keeping with the strategic viewpoint, up gradation in the better news paper or in other media for advertisement of the company would be made and which would be implemented through the actions. Travelworth would get ample scope to maintain the sustainability with the help of IMC and SOSTAC model. In the period of downturn in the European economy the companies are basically fighting for the sustainability in the market, and to save the existing customers and the brand name. SOSTAC model would help Travelworth to be stable in the market and to gain new customers and revenue2. Question 3 Q.3. Advertisement poster is one of the most effective elements of integrated marketing communication. Keeping the objectives of the marketing communication for Travelworth in mind, certain posters can be prepared to use in the campaign planned by the company. The posters for the company would include an attractive message to catch the eyes of the viewer, which would help the company to get

The concepts of empowerment Essay Example for Free

The concepts of empowerment Essay Question 1 Explain the concepts of empowerment, self-managed teams, and cross-functional teams, and develop an essay that argues for their inclusion in either a tall or flat organizational structure. Empowerment is the process of giving employees the authority to make important decisions and to be responsible for their outcomes. Empowerment should exist in tall organizational structure because if the size of the tall organizational structure is bigger is operating process or more tasks appear or tasks become more and more complex, managers at the top of hierarchy will gradually lose the control regarding their work. Self-managed teams reflect self-lead work groups consisting of people who are jointly responsible for ensuring that the team accomplishes its goals. Self-managed teams should exist in flat organizational structure because self-managed teams need to be control well with a few levels to avoid hindering communications. Cross-functional teams are groups of employee from across an organization’s different functions who are empowered to direct and coordinate the value-creation activities. Question 2 Bureaucracy is a phenomenon that presents itself in varying degrees in organizations. When does bureaucracy become a problem in an organization? How can the principles of bureaucracy help managers to design the organizational hierarchy? What can managers do to prevent bureaucratic problems from arising? Bureaucracy becomes a problem when it hampers the work of the organization. When there are too many steps involved and too many people involved to solve issues and make quick decisions, then bureaucracy is a problem. When the hierarchy is inflexible and difficult to wade through, it is a problem. Decisions should not be made without adequate information and time, but when the decisions are bogged down in bureaucratic red tape, the rules and layers of approval, then companies can lose business and opportunities to  act in tune with the market. The principles can help identify the form and the job functions. It helps design the jobs and the technical skills needed to do the jobs so that the best people can be hired to do the job. The principles establish the rules and the focus of the company so there are firm expectations and goals. When all of these are put in place the managers then have the path to follow to create a successful company. Managers must remember that each person is hired because of their skills if the principles are followed. The need for decisions must not be hampered by a top heavy group of decision makers and the rules are in place to guide the decision making process. The hierarchical structure is a form, not a law and when rules and the hierarchical are the only considerations in decision making the systems becomes bogged down and inflexible, or worse, time consuming. In addition, the job and the functions of the company should be impersonal and so should the treatment of employees. Equality is important in an organization. Listening to everyone, accepting diversity in culture, experience, and knowledge can help a company avoid many problems in a bureaucracy. Reference: http://www.bustingbureaucracy.com/excerpts/weber.htm

Private Schools vs. Public Schools Essays -- Compare Contrast Comparin

Sending your child/children to school is a decision every parent/family has to make. Choosing where to send your child is a different story though. No matter where you live, there is always a public school in the area that your child can attend and you have no annual fee. Public schools are paid for with taxes that every citizen has to pay. Private schools on the other hand have an annual fee that can range up to around $20,000 per year. Paying for private schooling is almost like paying for college tuition. Some parents prefer public schools because of the children’s freedom while on the other hand some prefer private schooling because of the curriculum and religion learned. Sometimes parents change their mind about where they want their child to attend based on many different reasons. Switching from either Private to Public or vise versa is very common, especially when a parent feels there child can do better or needs to be challenged more. The switch can either be to benefit the child to learn at there best ability or to punish a child. The following is about how private school and how public schools have their pros and cons and also how the switches from either private to public or vise versa can either benefit a child or how it can destroy them. Public schooling is offered around the country and does not cost anything to go to school and just simply learn. The majority of schools are public schoolings because the majority of children in the United States attend public schooling for many different reasons. A public school will obtain a more diverse environment than let’s say a private school or even the thought of being home schooled. In private schools, most of the inferior groups such as African Americans are... ...I feel that the best thing for a child is to be at a school that they enjoy. I think that a child is better off staying in the schooling environment they started off at. In conclusion, I am neither for nor against either private schooling or public schooling. I think that both have their benefits and both have their downfalls. I do not think that private schools should cost so much because it takes away from the diversity in the school system. Without diversity in private schools, children will never learn about it or be aware of it until they are out of school. From what I have read, a lot of people have bias opinions on both topics and they are all wonderful points. Now you can read the facts and observe what is better, private or public schooling and the effect is has on children when you start them off with one system and switch them to another.

Importance of customer care Essay

It shows a great deal of professionalism when a company takes good care of its customers, both internally and externally. Professional employees will most likely deal with clients in a professional manner, with the right communication, with respect and a genuine attitude. A good customer service will help the company: To keep loyal clients – develop trust To gain new clients To develop a good referral To develop within its employees a sense of proudness and loyalty The main objective of communicating is to send a message the most effective way as possible and to make sure it is received the way it was intended to. In communication, there are many barriers to overcome: a good standardised communication within the organisation will help to deal with those problems. Communication is a two-way process: 1. What we say and how we say it: 1.1. Intention of sender: right information in the right format 1.2. The message: method of communication. 1.3. Receiving the message: receptiveness of the person receiving the message 2. What and how the message is received and perceived: 2.1. Message interpretation: has the message been properly understood? 2.2. Feedback: has the communication been successful? To achieve an effective communication, the organisation and its management must clearly communicate the rules and guidelines established by the company. Standardised communication will help with: Consistency Equality Bring knowledge of what to do in any circumstances Establish boundaries Communicating with people, both internal or external of the organisation, is not only a matter of using the right guidelines or rules; an important part of the communication is also to consider your audience in order to adapt your communication and convey your message for a better reception. Knowing who you are talking to will avoid assumption, and will help you understand their needs and motivations. Communication is a combination of 4 mediums: 1) The written communication 2) The verbal communication 3) The non-verbal communication 4) Listening 1) What is important in written communication? The accuracy of the words To be clear To be legible To do proof reading 2) What is important in verbal communication? To use a formal or informal way of speaking according to your audience To use the appropriate language: choose the right style To make sure to use the right pace: not too fast, not too slow To use the right tone of voice To speak at a good distance from your audience: physical proximity 3) What is important in non-verbal communication? The signs and signals of body language Movements, gestures, facial expressions, shifts, body positioning The way of being dressed, the hairstyle, tattoos The tidiness of the working place 4) What is important in listening? To listen properly a person you need to stop what you are doing: give importance to the person you are communicating with While listening appear interested Listen actively and ask questions Truly listening helps to avoid misinterpretation To communicate more effectively, one should pay attention to its body language: the non-verbal communication is as important as any verbal or written communication as it conveys a message of its own, an emotional state. Failing to provide a good customer care will prevent the organisation to be successful and to expand. But it will also create stress among people working for the organisation, leading to unhappiness and unprofessionalism. The golden rule of the PA should be: â€Å"Mind what you say,   who you are talking to  and how you are communicating†